Enclomiphene is a selective estrogen-receptor modulator studied mainly in men with secondary hypogonadism. Human randomized trials have evaluated whether it can raise testosterone while preserving sperm counts compared with testosterone gel. The evidence base includes multiple randomized trials, but treatment decisions still require clinician review and safety screening 2 5 6.
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See if you qualify →What it is
Enclomiphene is a small-molecule selective estrogen-receptor modulator, often shortened to SERM. In the retrieved human literature, enclomiphene citrate is studied mainly in men with low testosterone or secondary male hypogonadism, and it is often compared with testosterone gel 2 5 6.
Enclomiphene citrate vs clomiphene citrate
Clomiphene citrate contains isomers, including enclomiphene and zuclomiphene. Human pharmacokinetic studies in anovulatory women with polycystic ovary disease measured en- and zuclomiphene exposure, which helps explain the isomer distinction, but those studies should not be used to infer male hypogonadism outcomes 3 4.
Who has it been studied in?
The most relevant randomized trials studied men with low testosterone, including obese hypogonadal men, and compared oral enclomiphene citrate with topical testosterone gel 2 5 6. Other human studies and reviews discuss clomiphene or enclomiphene in male hypogonadism or male infertility, but non-randomized studies carry lower certainty than randomized trials 8 9 10 12.
Mechanism of action
Enclomiphene citrate is studied as a SERM that acts on the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, the hormone loop connecting the brain, pituitary gland, and testes. Human trials monitored this axis through testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and sperm-count endpoints 1 2 5 6.
Selective estrogen-receptor modulation and the hormone axis
A SERM changes estrogen-receptor signaling rather than replacing testosterone directly. In male studies, the central question was whether oral enclomiphene citrate could stimulate endogenous testosterone production, meaning testosterone made by the body, while avoiding the sperm-count suppression often watched for with testosterone replacement therapy 2 5 6.
Why LH, FSH, testosterone, and sperm count matter
Luteinizing hormone, or LH, helps signal testosterone production. Follicle-stimulating hormone, or FSH, is part of sperm production. That is why randomized enclomiphene trials tracked testosterone and sperm counts together, not testosterone alone 2 5 6.
Evidence
Evidence grade: A. Enclomiphene has at least 3 human randomized controlled trials indexed in PubMed in the retrieved source set, including trials in men with low testosterone or obesity-associated hypogonadism 2 5 6.
Randomized trials in men with low testosterone
The key randomized studies compared oral enclomiphene citrate with testosterone gel in men with low testosterone. Their titles and designs focus on endogenous testosterone production, sperm counts, and oligospermia, which means low sperm count 2 5 6.
What the evidence can and cannot prove
The strongest supplied evidence supports discussion of hormone and sperm-count endpoints in studied men, not broad claims about strength, body composition, fertility success, or athletic performance 2 5 6. A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated clomiphene or enclomiphene randomized trials for male hypogonadism, but review-level findings still depend on the size and quality of the underlying trials 8.
| Question | What the retrieved evidence supports | What it does not establish |
|---|---|---|
| Can enclomiphene raise testosterone in studied men? | Randomized trials studied oral enclomiphene citrate for endogenous testosterone production in men with low testosterone 2 5 6. | It does not prove the same response for every patient. |
| Does it preserve sperm count compared with testosterone gel? | Trials specifically compared enclomiphene with testosterone gel and tracked sperm-count or oligospermia outcomes 2 5 6. | It does not decide whether a person should choose enclomiphene, TRT, or neither. |
| Does it improve fertility outcomes? | Male infertility research exists, including retrospective data 9. | The supplied evidence does not prove pregnancy or live-birth outcomes. |
| Does it build muscle? | The supplied records focus on hormone and fertility-related endpoints 2 5 6. | They do not establish bodybuilding, muscle-size, or performance results. |
What studies exist
| Year | Design | Study | Journal | Record |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Clinical trial | Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Axis Effects and Urinary Detection Following Clomiphene Administration in Males | The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism | PMID 30295816 |
| 2014 | Randomised controlled trial | Enclomiphene citrate stimulates testosterone production while preventing oligospermia: a randomized phase II clinical trial comparing topical testosterone | Fertility and sterility | PMID 25044085 |
| 2004 | Clinical trial | Gateways to clinical trials | Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology | PMID 15672123 |
| 2009 | Clinical trial | Single-dose pharmacokinetic study of clomiphene citrate isomers in anovular patients with polycystic ovary disease | Journal of clinical pharmacology | PMID 19033451 |
| 2009 | Clinical trial | Evaluation of the relationship between plasma concentrations of en- and zuclomiphene and induction of ovulation in anovulatory women being treated with clomiphene citrate | Fertility and sterility | PMID 18353317 |
| 2016 | Randomised controlled trial | Oral enclomiphene citrate raises testosterone and preserves sperm counts in obese hypogonadal men, unlike topical testosterone: restoration instead of replacement | BJU international | PMID 26496621 |
| 2013 | Randomised controlled trial | Oral enclomiphene citrate stimulates the endogenous production of testosterone and sperm counts in men with low testosterone: comparison with testosterone gel | The journal of sexual medicine | PMID 23530575 |
| 2025 | Review / secondary | Clomiphene or enclomiphene citrate for the treatment of male hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials | Archives of endocrinology and metabolism | PMID 41066380 |
| 2023 | Primary study | Efficacy of Clomiphene Citrate Versus Enclomiphene Citrate for Male Infertility Treatment: A Retrospective Study | Cureus | PMID 37546076 |
| 2016 | Review / secondary | Enclomiphene citrate for the treatment of secondary male hypogonadism | Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy | PMID 27337642 |
| 2025 | Review / secondary | Comment on Clomiphene or enclomiphene citrate for the treatment of male hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials | Archives of endocrinology and metabolism | PMID 41312854 |
| 2024 | Primary study | Safety and efficacy of enclomiphene and clomiphene for hypogonadal men | Translational andrology and urology | PMID 39434750 |
| Registration | Phase | Status | Enrolment | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00220545 | NA | COMPLETED | 72 | Comparison Between Laparoscopic Ovarian Diathermy and Clomiphene Citrate in Women With Anovulatory PCOS |
| NCT04916925 | PHASE1, PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | 100 | Effect of Vitamin D Oral Supplementation in Poly Csytic Ovarian Women Resistant to Clomiphene Citrate |
| NCT02288143 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | 28 | COmbining Oral Letrozole and Clomiphene for Ovarian Stimulation |
| NCT01679574 | NA | COMPLETED | 200 | Letrozole or Combined Clomiphene Citrate Metformin as a First Line Treatment in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome |
| NCT02235103 | N/A | COMPLETED | 21 | The Predictive Value of the Sperm Chromatin Dispersion Test, Halosperm®, Before and After Sperm Preparation for Clinical Pregnancy in Cases of Unexplained Infertility Treated With |
| NCT06486870 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 183 | Comparison Between Two Ovulation Induction Therapies and LOD on Clinical Outcomes in CC-Resistant PCOS Women |
| NCT02294773 | NA | COMPLETED | 13 | Study Evaluating the Timing of Intrauterine Insemination in Relation to Positive Home Ovulation Prediction Kit |
| NCT04447872 | NA | UNKNOWN | 142 | The LUTEAL Trial: Luteal Stimulation vs. Estrogen Priming Protocol |
This table is retrieved from PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov rather than assembled by hand, so it shows what is indexed — including the absences. Last retrieved 2026-09-08.
Reported dosing ranges
Reported dosing should be read as research context, not instructions. The retrieved PubMed records identify oral enclomiphene citrate trials and clomiphene-isomer pharmacokinetic studies, but the citation metadata supplied here does not provide patient-ready dosing ranges 2 3 4 5 6.
| Source | Population studied | Dose information available from the retrieved record | How to interpret it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wiehle et al., Fertility and Sterility, 2014 2 | Men in a randomized phase II trial comparing enclomiphene citrate with topical testosterone | The supplied citation metadata does not state a numeric dose. | Use as evidence that oral enclomiphene citrate was studied, not as a dosing guide. |
| Kaminetsky et al., Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2013 6 | Men with low testosterone in a comparison with testosterone gel | The supplied citation metadata does not state a numeric dose. | Do not copy dosing from abstracts, forums, or non-clinical sources. |
| Kim et al., BJU International, 2016 5 | Obese hypogonadal men in a randomized trial | The supplied citation metadata does not state a numeric dose. | Dose decisions require clinician review, labs, and follow-up. |
| Ghobadi et al., Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2009 3 | Anovulatory women with polycystic ovary disease in a clomiphene-isomer pharmacokinetic study | The supplied citation metadata describes a single-dose pharmacokinetic study but does not provide a numeric dose. | This is background on clomiphene isomers, not a male hypogonadism dosing source. |
Dosing should not be copied from trials because trial eligibility, monitoring, endpoints, and stopping rules differ from routine care. Hormone treatment can affect testosterone, LH, FSH, and sperm-related measures, so lab context matters 1 2 5 6.
Legal status
Our regulatory log holds no confirmed federal action for Enclomiphene. That means we have not found one with a primary source — not that none exists.
This section is generated from a dated log of federal actions rather than written by hand, and it is re-checked daily against the Federal Register and FDA sources. Last checked 2026-09-08. See the full legal-status tracker for every compound we follow.
Safety
Safety for enclomiphene is not settled by evidence grade alone. Randomized and observational human studies monitored hormone and fertility-related outcomes, and a 2024 study specifically evaluated safety and efficacy of enclomiphene and clomiphene in hypogonadal men 2 5 6 12.
Adverse events reported or monitored in human studies
The retrieved source set supports saying that safety was studied or reviewed in human male hypogonadism research, including randomized trials, a systematic review, and a 2024 safety-and-efficacy study 8 12. It does not provide a complete side-effect rate table in the supplied citation metadata, so this page should not pretend to know exact event rates from these records.
Fertility-related considerations
Fertility is central to enclomiphene research because trials compared testosterone production with sperm-count preservation. Testosterone gel was a key comparator because exogenous testosterone therapy can be part of the sperm-count question in these studies 2 5 6.
Risks of unregulated supply
Products sold as “research use only” are not a substitute for medical care. Without clinician review and appropriate pharmacy safeguards, patients may face identity, impurity, strength, and contamination risks that cannot be assessed from the retrieved clinical trial citations.
When to seek medical advice
A person considering hormone-axis treatment should seek clinician guidance before use, especially if fertility is a goal, testosterone products are being used, or symptoms suggest a broader endocrine issue. The human studies measured hormone-axis effects and sperm-related outcomes, which is why lab review and follow-up matter 1 2 5 6.
Interactions
Interaction data for enclomiphene are limited in the retrieved source set. No dedicated drug-drug interaction study is listed in the supplied PubMed records, so absence of interaction data should not be read as proof of no interaction risk.
Hormone therapies and testosterone products
Testosterone products matter because several randomized trials compared oral enclomiphene citrate with topical testosterone gel. Combining or switching hormone-related treatments without lab monitoring could confuse interpretation of testosterone, LH, FSH, and sperm-count measures 2 5 6.
Fertility medications and fertility goals
Clomiphene-isomer studies in anovulatory women and retrospective male infertility research show that fertility context can differ by sex, diagnosis, and study design 3 4 9. A clinician should know if pregnancy attempts, semen analysis, or fertility treatments are part of the picture.
Medical conditions to discuss
Patients should discuss hormone-sensitive symptoms or conditions, prior testosterone therapy, infertility evaluation, pituitary concerns, and current medications before any hormone-axis treatment is considered. The retrieved studies center on the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, which is not separate from the rest of endocrine health 1 10.
How to obtain it legally
Chia does not currently offer enclomiphene. For a safer medical process, a patient should expect a clinician evaluation, review of medical history and fertility goals, relevant labs, a prescription decision when appropriate, and dispensing through an appropriate pharmacy rather than a research-chemical vendor.
A medical evaluation is different from buying a chemical online. It can include symptoms, testosterone-related labs, LH, FSH, semen-analysis questions when relevant, medication review, and follow-up planning because these are the same kinds of endpoints used in human hormone-axis studies 1 2 5 6.
Research-chemical vendors are not a clinician, not a prescription decision, and not the same as a pharmacy process designed for patient use. A prescription requires a medical evaluation and is not guaranteed. When Chia does offer compounded treatments, they are compounded in the US by state-licensed 503A pharmacies and shipped to the patient’s door; compounded drugs are not FDA-approved.
If your main question is low testosterone, our educational article on testosterone may help you prepare better questions for a clinician. If your concern is sexual desire rather than testosterone, Chia offers PT-141 nasal spray and has a separate evidence overview on PT-141. These are not substitutes for enclomiphene, and each requires its own clinical review.
Some readers exploring hormones also ask about sleep, recovery, or age-related wellness. Chia offers sermorelin in injection, nasal spray, and tablet forms, and our guide on buying sermorelin online safely explains why licensed-provider review matters. For broader health tracking, our article on longevity labs can help you understand what labs can and cannot tell you.
| Patient question | Enclomiphene relevance | Related Chia education or care path |
|---|---|---|
| Low testosterone with fertility questions | Randomized enclomiphene trials studied testosterone and sperm-count endpoints 2 5 6. | Chia does not offer enclomiphene; consider clinician evaluation and read testosterone basics. |
| Sexual desire concerns | The supplied enclomiphene evidence does not establish sexual-desire outcomes. | Chia offers PT-141 nasal spray, reviewed separately from enclomiphene. |
| Recovery or age-related wellness goals | The supplied enclomiphene evidence does not establish recovery or longevity outcomes. | Chia offers sermorelin and publishes education on clinician-guided access. |
Enclomiphene is a selective estrogen-receptor modulator studied mainly in men with low testosterone or secondary hypogonadism. It is related to clomiphene citrate and is discussed for its effects on the hormone axis.
In human trials, enclomiphene was studied for stimulating the body’s own testosterone production while tracking sperm-count outcomes. That does not mean it is right for every man.
The best available retrieved trials compared enclomiphene with testosterone gel, but that comparison does not decide what is best for an individual patient. Fertility goals, labs, symptoms, risks, and preferences all matter.
Sperm count was a key endpoint in randomized studies comparing enclomiphene with testosterone gel. Anyone with fertility goals should discuss semen analysis and hormone labs with a clinician.
Human studies include safety monitoring, but the supplied evidence does not give a complete side-effect-rate table. Risk depends on the person, dose, health history, other medications, and monitoring.
The supplied evidence does not establish muscle-size, bodybuilding, or athletic-performance outcomes. The main human trial endpoints were hormone and sperm-count measures.
The retrieved source list identifies oral enclomiphene studies, but the supplied citation metadata does not provide numeric dosing ranges. Dosing should not be copied from studies or online forums.
No. Chia does not currently offer enclomiphene. Chia does offer other clinician-reviewed treatments, but they are separate options and not substitutes for enclomiphene.
References
- 1.PMID 30295816 [clinical trial] Miller GD, Moore C, Nair V, et al. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Axis Effects and Urinary Detection Following Clomiphene Administration in Males. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 2019.
- 2.PMID 25044085 [randomised controlled trial] Wiehle RD, Fontenot GK, Wike J, et al. Enclomiphene citrate stimulates testosterone production while preventing oligospermia: a randomized phase II clinical trial comparing topical testosterone. Fertility and sterility. 2014.
- 3.PMID 19033451 [clinical trial] Ghobadi C, Mirhosseini N, Shiran MR, et al. Single-dose pharmacokinetic study of clomiphene citrate isomers in anovular patients with polycystic ovary disease. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 2009.
- 4.PMID 18353317 [clinical trial] Ghobadi C, Amer S, Lashen H, et al. Evaluation of the relationship between plasma concentrations of en- and zuclomiphene and induction of ovulation in anovulatory women being treated with clomiphene citrate. Fertility and sterility. 2009.
- 5.PMID 26496621 [randomised controlled trial] Kim ED, McCullough A, Kaminetsky J. Oral enclomiphene citrate raises testosterone and preserves sperm counts in obese hypogonadal men, unlike topical testosterone: restoration instead of replacement. BJU international. 2016.
- 6.PMID 23530575 [randomised controlled trial] Kaminetsky J, Werner M, Fontenot G, et al. Oral enclomiphene citrate stimulates the endogenous production of testosterone and sperm counts in men with low testosterone: comparison with testosterone gel. The journal of sexual medicine. 2013.
- 7.PMID 15672123 [clinical trial] Bayés M, Rabasseda X, Prous JR. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology. 2004.
- 8.PMID 41066380 [review/secondary] Hohl A, Chavez MP, Pasqualotto E, et al. Clomiphene or enclomiphene citrate for the treatment of male hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Archives of endocrinology and metabolism. 2025.
- 9.PMID 37546076 [primary study] Thomas J, Suarez Arbelaez MC, Narasimman M, et al. Efficacy of Clomiphene Citrate Versus Enclomiphene Citrate for Male Infertility Treatment: A Retrospective Study. Cureus. 2023.
- 10.PMID 27337642 [review/secondary] Rodriguez KM, Pastuszak AW, Lipshultz LI. Enclomiphene citrate for the treatment of secondary male hypogonadism. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy. 2016.
- 11.PMID 41312854 [review/secondary] Peng B. Comment on Clomiphene or enclomiphene citrate for the treatment of male hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Archives of endocrinology and metabolism. 2025.
- 12.PMID 39434750 [primary study] Saffati G, Kassab J, Orozco Rendon D, et al. Safety and efficacy of enclomiphene and clomiphene for hypogonadal men. Translational andrology and urology. 2024.
About this article
Chia Health Editorial Team — Evidence-reviewed health education
This article is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for individualized medical advice. Talk to a licensed clinician before starting, stopping, or changing any prescription.
AI tools may assist with research and drafting. Chia's editorial team reviews source use, clarity, treatment information, and safety framing before publication. A clinician is named only after explicit sign-off. Read our editorial standards.
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